Preparation and Setup

1. Gather Equipment

   • Collect the necessary equipment, including a 100ml conical flask, a trough, a 100ml measuring cylinder, a delivery tube, a stopwatch, a retort stand (if needed), and a small piece of magnesium ribbon.

2. Prepare the Trough and Cylinder

   • Fill the trough two-thirds full with water.

   • Fill the 100ml measuring cylinder completely with water, then invert it into the trough, ensuring the opening is submerged underwater.

   • Secure the inverted measuring cylinder in a vertical position using a retort stand if necessary.

3. Set Up the Delivery System

   • Position the delivery tube so that its end is inside the underwater opening of the measuring cylinder.

Conducting the Experiment

1. Add Hydrochloric Acid

   • Measure 50ml of 1M Hydrochloric Acid using a measuring cylinder and pour it into the 100ml conical flask.

2. Start the Reaction

   • Add a small piece of magnesium ribbon to the acid in the flask.

   • Immediately seal the flask with a bung and start timing with the stopwatch.

3. Record Gas Volume

   • Choose a time interval (e.g., every 10 seconds).

   • At each interval, read and record the volume of gas collected in the inverted measuring cylinder. Record these results in a suitable table.

4. Continue Until Completion

   • Continue measuring and recording gas volumes until the volume stops increasing (indicating the reaction has completed).

Repeating the Experiment

1. Repeat with Different Acid Concentration

   • Repeat steps 4–7 using 50ml of 1.5M Hydrochloric Acid.

Analysis

1. Plot the Results

   • Plot the results for each acid concentration on a graph, with time on the x-axis and volume of gas on the y-axis.